Throughout the same time period as the rise of functional and experimental psychology, there arose a parallel tradition concerned less with the everyday workings of the of the mind, and more with the study and treatment of abnormal psychology; Psychoanalysis arose as a somewhat separate discipline, and derives little from the 8 classic roots of psychology. The only of such influences is from associationism.
Psychoanalytic theories a wide and varied. However the common theme of psychoanalytic thinking, after having been derived from Sigmund Freud's theories, is in the role of the unconscious and the influence of past experience on cognitive state of an individual. Psychoanalytic theories, as a whole, are very deterministic; an individual has little to no control of their early developmental experiences, yet it is these experiences which shape the vast majority of our cognitive life and leave us more or less prone to cognitive dysfunction in later life.
The two most significant derivatives of Freudian style psychoanalysis are the Analytic approach to psychology, championed by Carl Gustav Jung, and Individual Psychology, advocated by Alfred Adler.
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