Max Wertheimer (1880-1943) is credited with the discovery that perception does not always correspond to a on-to-one relationship with stimulus, realizing that "discontinuous, static visual stimulation can yield the perception of continuous movement"(Wertheimer, 2000). In discovering this, Wetheimer determined that the perceptual whole is prior to the parts of which it is made.
This video provides a good example of how static images presented in rapid succession are perceived as one continuous whole.
Wertheimer also applied the Gestalt approach to problem solving, stating that a problems occur when aspects of a problem do not fit together, there are gaps in aspects of a problem, or there is a lack of clarity. The solution to the problem is that which makes the pieces fit together, fills the gaps, or instills clarity thus making a unified whole which makes sense.
The following link is to a text by Wertheimer called Laws of Organization in Perceptual Forms. The text illustrates the gestalt laws of perception.
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